Sara Pariksha: An Ayurvedic approach for assessing Dhatu's Excellence- A Review Article

Abstract

Introduction: Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, outlines several physiological assessment tools to evaluate an individual’s strength, constitution, and overall health. Among these, Dhātu Sārata Parīkṣā is a key concept used to assess the quality and excellence of bodily tissues (dhātu). Sāra Parīkṣā, one of the Daśavidha Parīkṣā described by Ācārya Caraka in Caraka Saṁhitā Vimāna Sthāna, examines the lakṣaṇa of a Sāra Puruṣa to understand inherent strength and constitution. Methodology: This review is based on a comprehensive study of classical Ayurveda texts, particularly the Bṛhattrayī—Caraka Saṁhitā, Suśruta Saṁhitā, and Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya—along with allied literature and modern commentaries. Descriptions of the eight types of Dhātu Sārata were analysed for their physical, psychological, and behavioural attributes. Contemporary publications were also reviewed. Results: Classical literature identifies eight types of Dhātu Sārata—Tvak, Rakta, Māṁsa, Meda, Asthi, Majjā, Śukra, and Sattva Sāra. Each type shows distinct physical features, mental tendencies, behavioural traits, and varying levels of vitality. Discussion:The review emphasises the importance of Dhātu Sārata as a vital parameter for personalised healthcare in Ayurveda. Evaluating tissue excellence supports diagnosis, prognosis, treatment planning, and lifestyle guidance. However, the absence of standardised tools and limited empirical validation restrict its widespread application.

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