Nadi Parikshan - traditional insights and modern perspective– A Review Article

Abstract

Introduction: Nadi Pariksha, or pulse diagnosis, is a profound and sophisticated diagnostic method in Ayurveda, rooted in ancient traditions and refined over centuries. The earliest authentic description of Nadi Pariksha is found in the Sharangadhara Samhita (13th century), which laid the foundation for pulse-based clinical evaluation. The science further evolved with Acharya Bhavaprakasha in the 16th century, who elaborated on the principles of Nadi Vijnana. By the 17th century, Acharya Yogaratnakara provided detailed, systematic, and comprehensive explanations of Nadi Pariksha within the framework of Ashtavidha Pariksha. Notably, conditions that may remain undiagnosed using modern diagnostic tools can often be identified through an expert Ayurvedic pulse assessment, making Nadi Pariksha both clinically significant and unique. Methodology: This review synthesizes references from classical Ayurvedic texts including the Sharangadhara Samhita, Bhavaprakasha, and Yogaratnakara, along with contemporary interpretations of Nadi Vijnana. A qualitative analysis was performed to understand the evolution, principles, and diagnostic relevance of pulse examination. The study examines descriptions of Vata, Pitta, and Kapha pulse characteristics, their physiological and pathological variations, and their correlation with modern clinical observations. Results: Findings indicate that Nadi Pariksha provides a holistic assessment of doshic imbalances, organ functions, and subtle physiological disturbances. It offers early detection of disorders related to metabolic, endocrine, neurological, and psychosomatic domains, often before clinical symptoms manifest. Discussion: The evidence suggests that Nadi Pariksha remains a reliable, non-invasive, and cost-effective diagnostic tool. Its ability to detect subtle imbalances highlights its potential integration with modern healthcare as a complementary system. Further empirical research is needed to validate its diagnostic precision .

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